மகர சங்கராந்தி

Wednesday, January 14, 2026

சூரியன் மகாரா (காப்டிரென்) ராஷியில் நுழைகிறது, இது நீண்ட நாட்கள் மற்றும் அறுவடை காலத்தின் தொடக்கத்தைக் குறிக்கிறது. தமிழ்நாட்டில் பொங்கல், பஞ்சாபில் லோஹ்ரி, அசாமில் பிஹு, குஜராத்தில் உத்தரயன் போன்ற பிராந்திய பெயர்களுடன் இந்தியா முழுவதும் கொண்டாடப்படுகிறது. புனித நதிகளில் குளித்து நன்கொடைகளை வழங்க இந்துக்களின் காலண்டரில் மிகவும் சாதகமான நாட்களில் ஒன்றாக கருதப்படுகிறது.

1. 1

   Pre-dawn Bath

   Bathe before sunrise — ideally in a holy river (Ganga, Yamuna, or Godavari) or with Gangajal mixed into your bath water. Sankranti snana is considered one of the most meritorious baths of the year.

2. 2

   Sankalp

   Sit facing east at the puja altar. Take Sankalp to worship Lord Surya on the occasion of Makar Sankranti and to offer donations (dana) for the welfare of ancestors and family.

   ॐ विष्णुर्विष्णुर्विष्णुः। अद्य मकर संक्रान्ति पुण्य काले श्री सूर्य पूजनम् दानम् च करिष्ये।

3. 3

   Ganesha Puja

   Worship Lord Ganesha briefly with durva and a red flower before beginning the Surya Puja.

   ॐ गं गणपतये नमः॥

4. 4

   Surya Arghya

   Fill a copper lota with water. Add red flowers, akshat, raktachandan, kumkum, and til. Stand facing the rising sun. Raise the lota with both hands above your head and offer the arghya — letting the water flow in a thin stream through your fingers — while chanting the Surya mantra.

   ॐ ह्रां ह्रीं ह्रौं सः सूर्याय नमः॥ ॐ घृणि सूर्याय नमः॥

5. 5

   Surya Shodashopachara

   Worship the Surya Yantra or image with the sixteen upacharas — Asana, Padya, Arghya, Achamaniya, Snana, Vastra (red), Gandha (raktachandan), Akshat, Pushpa (red flowers), Dhupa, Deepa, Naivedya (til-gur laddoo, khichdi), Tambula, Pradakshina, Namaskar.

   ॐ सूर्याय नमः॥

6. 6

   Aditya Hridaya Stotra

   Recite the Aditya Hridaya Stotra from the Ramayana — the hymn Sage Agastya taught Rama before the battle with Ravana. Alternatively, recite the Surya Ashtakam and chant the Gayatri Mantra 108 times.

   आदित्यहृदयं पुण्यं सर्वशत्रु विनाशनम्। जयावहं जपेन्नित्यं अक्षय्यं परमं शिवम्॥

7. 7

   Til and Gur Daan

   Offer black sesame seeds and jaggery at the feet of Lord Surya. Sesame is said to absorb negativity and sins; jaggery brings sweetness and warmth. This is the most important daan of Makar Sankranti.

   तिलतैल्येन सम्मिश्र दापयाम्यहम्। सूर्याय पापहराय प्रीयताम्॥

8. 8

   Aarti

   Perform the Surya Aarti with camphor — singing 'Om Jai Jagdish Hare' or 'Jai Kashyap Nandan Jai Aditya Deva'. Circle the camphor clockwise before the image.

   ॐ जय सूर्य भगवान, स्वामी जय सूर्य भगवान।

9. 9

   Pushpanjali

   Offer a handful of red flowers at the feet of Lord Surya. Pray for health, vitality, clarity of intellect, and the prosperity brought by warmth and sunlight.

10. 10

    Daan and Prasad

    Donate til, gur, blankets, warm clothes, and rice to the needy — Sankranti dana is said to yield a hundred-fold merit. Share the khichdi and til-gur laddoo as prasad with family and friends. Fly kites in the afternoon — a tradition representing the rising of the soul towards the sun.

This guide reflects classical Parashari tradition. Regional variations exist — consult a family priest for specifics.